The collection-intersection (and thus a common specialization) of artifact, image source and human culture specific information bearing object (qq.v.). Each instance of physical information bearing object is an human-created information-bearing object (IBO) in a hard format (e.g. written on paper, on wood, on palm leaves, engraved in metal, or carved on stone) that humans can obtain information from by viewing (if there is sufficient light) without using a computer or electronic device. In many cases the information is encoded in visual symbols, whose coding system must be understood by anyone who would access the information. For example, the information may be stored as English text. Examples of physical information bearing object include: a billboard, a greeting card, a restaurant check, a magazine, an engraving by Rembrandt, a Picasso painting, and a hardcopy of a map with no text on it. Note that this collection does _not_ include IBOs embodied in magnetic media such as tape or disk (as the information they bear is not directly accessible to someone viewing them) or Braille books (as they are not instances of image source, whose information content must be accessed visually).